cbeard- Not correcting you, but let me explain this in a different way.#1- the human pupil is approximately 2mm to 8mm in diameter. Typically, the younger you are the pupil dilates and reacts better to low light conditions. In my experience, this is why guys like my Pops are always grabbing for 8x56's instead of the 10x42's-More light coming in into his pupil makes his eyes work less.#2- The optics in question have an exit pupil of 4.6mm for the 12x56(56 divided by 12) and 4.16mm for the 12x50(50 divided by 12). The optics in question don't fit this scenario about light being wasted. They actually are about optimum. There is a point of diminishing return though. Take the 8x56's I spoke of. The exit pupil is an incredible 7mm, just slightly less than the biggest of the human pupils when dilated. This why you don't see bino's that are 10x100, 10mm exit pupil is too much light for the human eye to except. HullinPhx what binos are you looking at? Personal favorite is the Leica 12x50 HD. They are pricey, but well worth it. If cost is an issue the Nikon 12x56 Monarchs are a great piece of glass for the money. Hope this helps. CDN