Federal land is owned by the Federal government. True. Private land is owned by individuals. Also true.
Both federal and private lands are part of the sovereign state of Colorado. Just as a private individual cannot decide who gets hunting licenses (even to hunt only on his land) neither can the federal government. Both are owners and can allow or restrict access for other purposes, but only the state controls the issuance of hunting licenses.
This fight was fought by USO and lost, and rightly so.
The DOW and commission set the seasons and licensing methods, but the reality is they are greatly influenced by politics (surprise!!!). The state government answers to those who live (and vote) in the state. If enough residents of the state express strongly an opinion (such as when the landowners tried to hijack more vouchers) the DOW and commission will be heavily influenced by that. They know that if they are too unresponsive, they'll be pressured by the legislature and maybe the Governor. Remember, a politician's first concern is reelection and nonresidents don't have a lot to do with that.
While economics are important, the DOW and commission have to walk a tightrope between satisfying the residents and economics. If they fail to find the balance, then the legislature gets involved. Not good.
Personally, I'd accept the resident fees doubling, if this would lead to a solution to the overcrowding problem...and it is a problem. Anyone who doesn't think so should just drive east from Yellowjacket Pass or along Divide Road during hunting season. Making all big game a draw would help, but only of reasonable restrictions on numbers is part of the plan. Will it happen? Who knows.
I'm a resident, but my hunting buddy of over 25 years is a non. Every year we put in for one of the less popular totally limited (for both deer and elk) areas. Not so much because of trophy potential, though it is there in a limited way, but because hunter numbers are low and we can have a great experience and maybe shoot something. When we don't draw, we end up over the counter and still have a good time, but would rather be less crowded.
I can see both sides, since I apply with my nonresident friend and we are limited by his points total, not mine. I do NOT want him excluded, and I don't really see that happening. Just because we can't draw in the high points areas doesn't mean we or anyone else (resident or nonresident)can't hunt. There are plenty of over the counter and leftover licenses.